Thursday, September 27, 2012

The Brick and Mortar of Local SEO

Brick and Mortar for SEO

As we?ve discussed during the earlier parts of our Local Series, directories and social networks are vital to getting your business found online.

Directories feed search engines the data that justifies your business? inclusion in the local results. Social networks get the word out to your customers and let you connect with them online.

But, before all of that, there are two things that need to be in place: an actual business and an actual website. Here?s the foundation you need to have down before you get started on your online strategy, based on some of the most frequent issues I?ve encountered with small businesses.

Preparing Your Business for Local SEO

Before you get listed in directories and before your customers like/follow/plus/pin you on their favorite social network, you need to be consistent with the information you?re putting out there.

  1. Know what your business name is going to be. Are you an LLC? A PLLC? An Inc? A TLDR;? If you?re a firm or a medical practice, are you going by a business name or by single professional?s name? Are you going to use an ampersand or write out the word ?and?? These small decisions can mean the difference between having a consistent, trusted online presence and having a dozen duplicate map markers pointing to different social and directory sites.
  2. Know what phone number you?re going to use. If you have multiple phone lines, you need to pick one. The phone number is the most consistent identifier for a local business, so having multiple ones out there can cause some of the biggest headaches in local search. Ideally, you should use a local phone number instead of a toll free number. Search engines understand area codes and use this to determine how local your business is.
  3. Know your address as it?s written in Google Maps. ?Start by doing a search for your actual street address in Google Maps. Google will likely spit out a variation on how you typed it ? use Google?s version. Now, if you have a suite number, add it to the address and write down. This is the exact address you want to use ? always. If you?re located on a highway, you?ll especially want to follow these steps since highways are frequently listed in several different ways.Google Maps Preferred Address

    I typed our address one way, but Google prefers it another.

Using Your Website for Local SEO

While there are businesses that occasionally show up in local results simply from their Bing or Google listings, it?s pretty rare and generally inconsistent. Your website is your home base online, and search engines will look to it to help define your local listings. Mark sure your website shows the search engines what they need to see.

  1. Have one website. Singular. Nothing will confuse the search engines more than having a dozen microsites floating around claiming to be the official website for ?Your Business, Inc? located at 123 Bob Villa Blvd. Especially in local, there seem to be a lot of companies that set up these microsites claiming it will allow a small business to dominate the search results. Don?t listen to these people. These small websites have no authority, send mixed messages to the search engines about your business and can create a ton of duplicate content concerns.
  2. Mind the basics of SEO. Chances are you?re already targeting a specific town, community or neighborhood. So be sure to mention that area on your website. Name your city in the title tag and homepage content. And if you?re targeting multiple cities, know your limits. Google and Bing both go out of their way to only deliver search results within a few miles of the searcher. So if you?re targeting a city that?s 30 minutes away, you may want to instead focus on an area that?s a bit more realistic. To touch up on the other basics of SEO, you can start with this recent post.
  3. List your NAP. Remember that stuff I mentioned a few lines up about choosing your name, address and phone number? This is commonly referred to as your NAP (Name, Address, Phone number) and you?ll want to be sure to use it exactly as you wrote it down earlier. Google and Bing pay attention to how often your business is mentioned online. And the most important mention is on your actual website. Mention your full NAP on every page, especially the contact page. If you have multiple locations, give each location their own contact page so you can have one page devoted to each address individually.?To be even more thorough, you can use semantic markup to specifically call out your business contact information. Schema.org?is a great, nitpicky little markup that allows you to add some code to your website and label different parts of your content for the search engines. So by adding code like:

    <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/LocalBusiness">
    <span itemprop="name">Portent, Inc.</span>
    <span itemprop="description">An Internet marketing company in Seattle.</span>
    <div itemprop="address" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/PostalAddress">
    <span itemprop="streetAddress">506 2nd Ave, Suite 1700</span>,
    <span itemprop="addressLocality">Seattle</span>,
    <span itemprop="addressRegion">WA</span>
    </div>
    Phone: <span itemprop="telephone">206-575-3740</span>
    </div>

    You can tell the search engines exactly where to find your contact information. You can read more about schema.org for local businesses here.

Everything I?ve mentioned here is based on issues I?ve seen multiple times with small businesses. Even though some of this might seem basic, problems at this level can take months to resolve. By simply spending the time to make sure these fundamentals are in place, you?re giving your business a distinct advantage over countless other small businesses online.

If you have any lingering questions about local search, take advantage of our Local SEO Q&A and post your question in the comments below. Remember, we?ll be compiling all of the questions and responses on October 2nd in a special blog post!

Source: http://www.portent.com/blog/seo/local-seo-brick-and-mortar.htm

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Assistant Professor of Invertebrate Biology - HigherEdJobs

Institution: Eastern Connecticut State University
Location: Willimantic, CT
Category:
  • Faculty - Science - Biology
Posted: 09/25/2012
Application Due: Open Until Filled
Type: Full Time
Department: Biology
Position: Assistant Professor - Invertebrate Biology

Qualifications: Ph.D. in a biological science, with expertise in invertebrate biology. Expertise in parasitology desirable. Applicants must demonstrate an aptitude for teaching undergraduates and an interest in mentoring undergraduate research Postodoctoral experience preferred.

Position Description:
The successful candidate will teach introductory and upper-level courses for biology majors, teach in the University's liberal arts course curriculum, and supervise undergraduate research. Additional expectations include academic advisement, service to the university, and continued professional development.

Respond to:
Please send CV, copies of all graduate transcripts, statement of teaching philosophy and research interests, documentation of teaching ability, and three current letters of reference via email to Dr. Charles E. Booth, Search Chair, invertebrates@easternct.edu

Application Information

More Information on Eastern Connecticut State University

EASTERN is an AA/EEO employer. Women, members of protected classes and people with disabilities are encouraged to apply.

Source: http://www.higheredjobs.com/details.cfm?JobCode=175673353

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Wednesday, September 26, 2012

Iran sees cyber attacks as greater threat than actual war

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Hunting Land in Gladwin County

Hunting Land in Gladwin County?Michigan

?Beautiful Gladwin County...A Hunters Paradise

Hunting in gladwin county

Fall is in the air and Deer Season right around the corner! There are a lot of great hunting properties in Gladwin County for you to call your own! Gladwin offers plentiful hunting land loaded with white tails and over 85,000 acres of state land for everyone's use.? Whether it's with your own acreage to hunt, or a smaller piece close to or adjoining state land, wouldn't it be wonderful to have your own slice of Up North Heaven!

There are many affordable options for all price ranges and budgets.? Click on the listings below that are currently available, and let me help you make your dream a reality.

240 Hilts Road, Gladwin, Michigan MLS #157018? $309,900

Knox Road (Vacant), Beaverton, Michigan MLS #157608? $45,900

Howard Road (Vacant Land), Beaverton, Michigan? MLS #157786? $77,000

2750 Hoover, Gladwin, Michigan MLS #157349? $204,000

830 S. M 18, Gladwin, Michigan MLS #156610? $169,900

660 N. Bard, Gladwin, Michigan MLS #157086? $135,900

Lot 51 Birchview, Gladwin Michigan MLS #153852 $5,500

5291 Wildwood, Alger, Michigan MLS #153071 $79,000

Lot 36 Birchview, Gladwin Michigan?MLS #153853 $5,500

Lots 33 and 34 Spruce, Gladwin, Michigan MLS #154803 $3,900

For more listings in Gladwin County click HERE.

Source: http://www.trulia.com/blog/sonya_loose/2012/09/hunting_land_in_gladwin_county

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Ground Will Soon Break In Downtown Baltimore For Harrah&#39;s Casino

BALTIMORE (WJZ)?In just a few months crews will break ground on what?s to become a Harrah?s casino in downtown Baltimore.

Monique Griego was there as project leaders laid out their plans for slots and possibly table games.

Baltimore, get ready because soon this empty lot off Ruseell and Worcester streets in downtown Baltimore will be transformed into a world class Harrah?s casino.

?It?s going to add more people to come as tourist because Baltimore is upcoming,? said Mike Beauford, resident.

City and state leaders also touted the economic benefits as Caesar?s entertainment introduced the casino?s general manager.

?To be able to keep the state of Maryland monies in Maryland is our goal,? said Chad Barnhill, Harrah?s general manager.

Construction is set to start in mid-2013 and the casino is expected to open in mid-2014.

And with it will come several thousand slots and employment opportunities.

Two thousand workers will be needed for construction.

The casino itself will have 1200 permanent positions and an additional 500 jobs will be added if expanded gambling is passed by voters in November.

And the issue was hotly debated this summer.

?Not all table games customers play slots. Not all slots customers play table games. We?ll be able to bring in additional tourism to the city,? Barnhill said.

But there are some people who have concerns over the location of the casino and what it will mean for congestion in the area considering it?s so close to both stadiums.

?You?re going to clutter it up with 3000 more people a night. It?s just going to be a mess,? Harry Kunzy, resident.

?Trying to get in and out at different times is a real problem,? said Debbie Connell, resident.

Project leaders say they are looking at ways to alleviate traffic and feel confident people won?t be disappointed.

The Towson-based Whiting-Turner Contracting Company has been picked to build Baltimore?s casino, a more than $300 million project.

The casino?s website is already up and running. There you can find employment information.? Click here for more.

Source: http://baltimore.cbslocal.com/2012/09/25/ground-will-soon-break-in-downtown-baltimore-for-harrahs-casino/

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No-Man's Land: 8 DMZs Around the World

Where: Running east-west across the island of Cyprus, roughly dividing it into northern and southern halves.

Size: 112 miles long, up to 4.6 miles wide

Why It Exists: The island of Cyprus has a mixed population of ethnic Greeks and Turks. When the government was toppled in 1974 by a pro-Greek coup, there were fears that the new government would seek unification with Greece, against the wishes of Turkish Cypriots. The Turks invaded and the island was effectively split in two, with Turkish Cypriots in the north and Greek Cypriots in the south, separated by a U.N. buffer zone.

What It's Like Now: While there are some 10,000 people living in the zone, much of it is deserted and has been reclaimed by nature. An estimated 300 mouflon (a kind of wild sheep with curved horns) roam freely in the only place on the island where hunters cannot touch them. The Green Line, then, is a good example of what scientists call an "involuntary park"?a place that humans abandoned or where the human population diminished for other reasons, such as to create a DMZ, leaving a void where flora and fauna could thrive without human interference.

Source: http://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/military/news/no-mans-land-8-dmzs-around-the-world?src=rss

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Albania Govt Accused of Funding Allies With Ads :: Balkan Insight

Albanian Socialist MP Eduard Shalsi has revealed data showing that in the past five years several government ministries have paid for expensive TV advertising campaigns, with the lion's share of the contracts going to an agency close to the pro-government TV Klan.

Apart from the TV adverts, the MP said that hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of money was also spent over the same period in newspaper adverts in the Democratic Party?s own tabloid paper, Rilindja Demokratike, and in two pro-government papers, Gazeta 55 and Koha Jone.

?Unable to build a democratic government that can push the country forward, Sali Berisha is paying any amount to control the media and brainwash the people with propaganda,? Shalsi claimed on Friday.

The government has not reacted. However, MPs from the ruling coalition turned down an opposition request for a parliamentary commission to probe the distribution and use of government adverts in the media.

Albania has a large number of broadcast and print media, which compete fiercely for limited advertising revenues and generally depend on businesses to subsidize them.

Combined with other interferences in editorial policy from politicians and business interests, it has had a clear impact on the Albanian media?s independence.

The World Press Freedom Index, released by the Paris-based watchdog Reporters Without Borders in January, underlined that the economic crisis has accentuated the media's problems in the country.

During the past year, Albania dropped from 80th to 96th place in the media freedom index, becoming the second-worst performer in the region after Montenegro.

Source: http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/albania-opposition-berates-government-s-ad-spending

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Tuesday, September 25, 2012

Home Improvement Suggest That Everyone Ought To Follow - View

Undertaking redecorating doesn?t should be an overwhelming job. Boosting your property may be fun as well as simple, and then make your house surroundings far more pleasurable. Make-across the areas you like and make them into areas you cherish. Comply with the following and it is possible to change your property into your dream home.

Before traveling a nail or attach in to an especially hard to clean piece of timber or another material, rub the attach with a certain amount of wax or possibly a nightclub of soap. This lubricates the fastener and permits it to operate easily in the material without the need of twisting, sliding, or receiving hung up.

Start making programs earlier. Search the web and in redecorating mags and find out what tips bounce out at you. Once you learn you would like to remodel your home, start to look at kitchens right away in order that you?re not rushed when it comes time for you to choose one. This method for you to be sure to obtain the excellent look.

Upgrading a washroom that would seem aged and outdated, can be quite an easy and quick strategy to liven the overall visual appeal of your house. Take into account changing the carpet, have with a refreshing painting of cover, or buy new towels plus a new shower curtain, for many quickly and painless results.

Equilibrium the design of the living area by organizing your household furniture symmetrically. For instance, decide to put your chair as a center of attention, an espresso table in the middle and 2 lounge seating about the opposite part from the sofa-1 on either side. Symmetry may also be accomplished in your bedroom, by positioning complementing lights and nightstands, on both sides of your bed furniture.

An easy way to economize with renovations is to never have to be pressured into undertaking them by keeping up with the maintenance and repairs in your home. Monthly you ought to stroll around your own home and consider specific recognize of what is in need of repair and fix it.

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Source: http://lmaureen.com/home-improvement-suggest-that-everyone-ought-to-follow/

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Who had the Worst Week in Washington? NPR's Vivian Schiller.

If not for bad luck, Vivian Schiller wouldn't have any luck at all.

Until this past week, Schiller was the chief executive of National Public Radio. That was before Ron Schiller, the outgoing fundraising director for NPR (and no relation), was caught on video telling two conservative activists posing as representatives of a fake Muslim charity that the tea party is "seriously racist" and that conservatives are "anti-intellectual." Um, not good.

Even worse for Schiller - Vivian, that is - it wasn't the first public relations hit for NPR during her two-year tenure.

That came last October when Ellen Weiss, the top news editor, fired political analyst Juan Williams after he said that flying with people dressed in "Muslim garb" made him "nervous." Schiller made matters worse by suggesting that Williams's comments on a Fox News show should have been "between him and his psychiatrist or his publicist."

Weiss eventually resigned in January after an internal review of her termination of Williams, and the NPR board of directors stripped Schiller of her bonus.

Hoping to begin the image-rehabilitation process - not to mention answer the Republican critics aiming to zero out the $430 million in federal funds for the Corporation for Public Broadcasting - Schiller delivered a keynote address at the National Press Club on Monday.

"At a time when our industry is cutting back, when punditry is drowning real news and thoughtful analysis, NPR is moving continuously forward with quality reporting and storytelling," Schiller declared.

Less than 48 hours later, she was gone, resigning before she was fired despite the fact that, by all accounts, she helped expand NPR's online and offline business during her time in the top job.

Vivian Schiller, for all the things you didn't consider, you had the Worst Week in Washington. Congrats, or something.

Have a candidate for the Worst Week in Washington? E-mail chris.cillizza@wpost.com with your nominees.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/wp-dyn/rss/print/outlook/index_xml/~3/q-e5wnU091Y/AR2011031107040.html

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Monday, September 24, 2012

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WORKING: Ranger assists cancer patients and families

Karen Ranger, of Deer Park, is retired from IIPInsurance Agency in Ottawa. She is a volunteer at the American Cancer Society Patient Resource Center and Wig Boutique, 104 Sixth St., Streator.

Q, Can you describe your job?

A. I am one of several local volunteers that work in our Patient Resource Center that opened in May 2011. As a volunteer, I assist cancer patients and/or families that visit our center. We have a wealth of cancer-related educational material that covers most types of cancer. We also have a lending library of additional resource/motivational books. Our volunteers also assist patients with wig selection, and our center has local hair stylists that donate their time to fix the wig of their choice to their liking.

Q. How long have you been doing this?

A. Since May 2011. Fifteen volunteers split Mondays and Wednesdays, with shifts of 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. and 1 to 5 p.m. Each volunteer works two to four shifts per month.

Q. What is the best part of your job?

A. The ability to help a cancer patient/family through this difficult time in their lives. As a cancer survivor myself, I understand the fear, pain and stress on the patient, as well as the family. If I can help, even a little bit, to ease the fear/concern for a patient then I feel that I have had a good day.

Q. What is the toughest part?

A. When a person is undergoing treatment for cancer, many lose their hair. To a woman, especially, this is a tough part of the cancer journey. Our center has a lovely wig boutique where a patient can pick out a wig of their choice. As a survivor, again, I have experienced this hair loss and feel that I can help someone through this emotional roller coaster as well. As I tell them, "I had fun with it! I wore all kinds of hats, had three different wigs ? changed it up and kept family and friends questioning on what I was going to look like!" It is tough to see patients suffering ? whether it is with pain, or the emotional effects of this disease.

Q. Can you describe your personal "mission statement" for your job.

A. Help us help others.

Q. What does the public not understand about your job?

A. All of our services are free to everyone! It doesn't matter where you live ? we can help! Other items that we have in our center are breast pillows, hats, scarves, knitted hats, knitted "boobies" for after surgery. We also can help the patient with other needs, such as transportation services, support programs, as well as financial assistance.

Q. What community projects are you involved with?

A. I serve on the Friends of St. Mary's Foundation Board, a board member of the Hardscrabble Lions Club, captain of the Park Church & Friends Relay For Life team, finance chairwoman of Park Presbyterian Church and involved in other community projects.

  • WORKING will be a regular feature in The Times. To participate, call Tammie Sloup at 815-431-4048 or email newsroom@mywebtimes.com.

Source: http://www.mywebtimes.com/archives/ottawa/display.php?id=462966

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Thursday, September 20, 2012

World record holder

World record holder [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 19-Sep-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Megan Fellman
fellman@northwestern.edu
847-491-3115
Northwestern University

Thermoelectric material is the best at converting heat waste to electricity

Northwestern University scientists have developed a thermoelectric material that is the best in the world at converting waste heat to electricity. This is very good news once you realize nearly two-thirds of energy input is lost as waste heat.

The material could signify a paradigm shift. The inefficiency of current thermoelectric materials has limited their commercial use. Now, with a very environmentally stable material that is expected to convert 15 to 20 percent of waste heat to useful electricity, thermoelectrics could see more widespread adoption by industry.

Possible areas of application include the automobile industry (much of gasoline's potential energy goes out a vehicle's tailpipe), heavy manufacturing industries (such as glass and brick making, refineries, coal- and gas-fired power plants) and places were large combustion engines operate continuously (such as in large ships and tankers).

Waste heat temperatures in these areas can range from 400 to 600 degrees Celsius (750 to 1,100 degrees Fahrenheit), the sweet spot for thermoelectrics use.

The new material, based on the common semiconductor lead telluride, is the most efficient thermoelectric material known. It exhibits a thermoelectric figure of merit (so-called "ZT") of 2.2, the highest reported to date. Chemists, physicists, material scientists and mechanical engineers at Northwestern and Michigan State University collaborated to develop the material.

The study will be published Sept. 20 by the journal Nature.

"Our system is the top-performing thermoelectric system at any temperature," said Mercouri G. Kanatzidis, who led the research and is a senior author of the paper. "The material can convert heat to electricity at the highest possible efficiency. At this level, there are realistic prospects for recovering high-temperature waste heat and turning it into useful energy."

Kanatzidis is Charles E. and Emma H. Morrison Professor of Chemistry in Northwestern's Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences. He also holds a joint appointment at Argonne National Laboratory.

"People often ask, what is the energy solution?" said Vinayak P. Dravid, one of Kanatzidis' close collaborators. "But there is no unique solution -- it's going to be a distributed solution. Thermoelectrics is not the answer to all our energy problems, but it is an important part of the equation."

Dravid is the Abraham Harris Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at the McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science and a senior author of the paper.

Other members of the team and authors of the Nature paper include Kanishka Biswas, a postdoctoral fellow in Kanatzidis' group; Jiaqing He, a postdoctoral member in Dravid's group; David N. Seidman, Walter P. Murphy Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at Northwestern; and Timothy P. Hogan, professor of electrical and computer engineering, at Michigan State University.

Even before the Northwestern record-setting material, thermoelectric materials were starting to get better and being tested in more applications. The Mars rover Curiosity is powered by lead telluride thermoelectrics (although it's system has a ZT of only 1, making it half as efficient as Northwestern's system), and BMW is testing thermoelectrics in its cars by harvesting heat from the exhaust system.

"Now, having a material with a ZT greater than two, we are allowed to really think big, to think outside the box," Dravid said. "This is an intellectual breakthrough."

"Improving the ZT never stops -- the higher the ZT, the better," Kanatzidis said. "We would like to design even better materials and reach 2.5 or 3. We continue to have new ideas and are working to better understand the material we have."

The efficiency of waste heat conversion in thermoelectrics is governed by its figure of merit, or ZT. This number represents a ratio of electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power in the numerator (which need to be high) and thermal conductivity in the denominator (which needs to be low).

"It is hard to increase one without compromising the other," Dravid said. These contradictory requirements stalled the progress towards a higher ZT for many years, where it was stagnant at a nominal value of 1.

Kanatzidis and Dravid have pushed the ZT higher and higher in recent years by introducing nanostructures in bulk thermoelectrics. In January 2011, they published a report in Nature Chemistry of a thermoelectric material with a ZT of 1.7 at 800 degrees Kelvin. This was the first example of using nanostructures (nanocrystals of rock-salt structured strontium telluride) in lead telluride to reduce electron scattering and increase the energy conversion efficiency of the material.

The performance of the new material reported now in Nature is nearly 30 percent more efficient than its predecessor. The researchers achieved this by scattering a wider spectrum of phonons, across all wavelengths, which is important in reducing thermal conductivity.

"Every time a phonon is scattered the thermal conductivity gets lower, which is what we want for increased efficiency," Kanatzidis said.

A phonon is a quantum of vibrational energy, and each has a different wavelength. When heat flows through a material, a spectrum of phonons needs to be scattered at different wavelengths (short, intermediate and long).

In this work, the researchers show that all length scales can be optimized for maximum phonon scattering with minor change in electrical conductivity. "We combined three techniques to scatter short, medium and long wavelengths all together in one material, and they all work simultaneously," Kanatzidis said. "We are the first to scatter all three at once and at the widest spectrum known. We call this a panoscopic approach that goes beyond nanostructuring."

"It's a very elegant design," Dravid said.

In particular, the researchers improved the long-wavelength scattering of phonons by controlling and tailoring the mesoscale architecture of the nanostructured thermoelectric materials. This resulted in the world record of a ZT of 2.2.

The successful approach of integrated all-length-scale scattering of phonons is applicable to all bulk thermoelectric materials, the researchers said.

###

The paper is titled "High-Performance Bulk Thermoelectrics With Hierarchical Architecture." In addition to those already mentioned, other authors are postdoctoral fellows Ivan D. Blum of Northwestern and Chun-I Wu of Michigan State University.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


World record holder [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 19-Sep-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Megan Fellman
fellman@northwestern.edu
847-491-3115
Northwestern University

Thermoelectric material is the best at converting heat waste to electricity

Northwestern University scientists have developed a thermoelectric material that is the best in the world at converting waste heat to electricity. This is very good news once you realize nearly two-thirds of energy input is lost as waste heat.

The material could signify a paradigm shift. The inefficiency of current thermoelectric materials has limited their commercial use. Now, with a very environmentally stable material that is expected to convert 15 to 20 percent of waste heat to useful electricity, thermoelectrics could see more widespread adoption by industry.

Possible areas of application include the automobile industry (much of gasoline's potential energy goes out a vehicle's tailpipe), heavy manufacturing industries (such as glass and brick making, refineries, coal- and gas-fired power plants) and places were large combustion engines operate continuously (such as in large ships and tankers).

Waste heat temperatures in these areas can range from 400 to 600 degrees Celsius (750 to 1,100 degrees Fahrenheit), the sweet spot for thermoelectrics use.

The new material, based on the common semiconductor lead telluride, is the most efficient thermoelectric material known. It exhibits a thermoelectric figure of merit (so-called "ZT") of 2.2, the highest reported to date. Chemists, physicists, material scientists and mechanical engineers at Northwestern and Michigan State University collaborated to develop the material.

The study will be published Sept. 20 by the journal Nature.

"Our system is the top-performing thermoelectric system at any temperature," said Mercouri G. Kanatzidis, who led the research and is a senior author of the paper. "The material can convert heat to electricity at the highest possible efficiency. At this level, there are realistic prospects for recovering high-temperature waste heat and turning it into useful energy."

Kanatzidis is Charles E. and Emma H. Morrison Professor of Chemistry in Northwestern's Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences. He also holds a joint appointment at Argonne National Laboratory.

"People often ask, what is the energy solution?" said Vinayak P. Dravid, one of Kanatzidis' close collaborators. "But there is no unique solution -- it's going to be a distributed solution. Thermoelectrics is not the answer to all our energy problems, but it is an important part of the equation."

Dravid is the Abraham Harris Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at the McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science and a senior author of the paper.

Other members of the team and authors of the Nature paper include Kanishka Biswas, a postdoctoral fellow in Kanatzidis' group; Jiaqing He, a postdoctoral member in Dravid's group; David N. Seidman, Walter P. Murphy Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at Northwestern; and Timothy P. Hogan, professor of electrical and computer engineering, at Michigan State University.

Even before the Northwestern record-setting material, thermoelectric materials were starting to get better and being tested in more applications. The Mars rover Curiosity is powered by lead telluride thermoelectrics (although it's system has a ZT of only 1, making it half as efficient as Northwestern's system), and BMW is testing thermoelectrics in its cars by harvesting heat from the exhaust system.

"Now, having a material with a ZT greater than two, we are allowed to really think big, to think outside the box," Dravid said. "This is an intellectual breakthrough."

"Improving the ZT never stops -- the higher the ZT, the better," Kanatzidis said. "We would like to design even better materials and reach 2.5 or 3. We continue to have new ideas and are working to better understand the material we have."

The efficiency of waste heat conversion in thermoelectrics is governed by its figure of merit, or ZT. This number represents a ratio of electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power in the numerator (which need to be high) and thermal conductivity in the denominator (which needs to be low).

"It is hard to increase one without compromising the other," Dravid said. These contradictory requirements stalled the progress towards a higher ZT for many years, where it was stagnant at a nominal value of 1.

Kanatzidis and Dravid have pushed the ZT higher and higher in recent years by introducing nanostructures in bulk thermoelectrics. In January 2011, they published a report in Nature Chemistry of a thermoelectric material with a ZT of 1.7 at 800 degrees Kelvin. This was the first example of using nanostructures (nanocrystals of rock-salt structured strontium telluride) in lead telluride to reduce electron scattering and increase the energy conversion efficiency of the material.

The performance of the new material reported now in Nature is nearly 30 percent more efficient than its predecessor. The researchers achieved this by scattering a wider spectrum of phonons, across all wavelengths, which is important in reducing thermal conductivity.

"Every time a phonon is scattered the thermal conductivity gets lower, which is what we want for increased efficiency," Kanatzidis said.

A phonon is a quantum of vibrational energy, and each has a different wavelength. When heat flows through a material, a spectrum of phonons needs to be scattered at different wavelengths (short, intermediate and long).

In this work, the researchers show that all length scales can be optimized for maximum phonon scattering with minor change in electrical conductivity. "We combined three techniques to scatter short, medium and long wavelengths all together in one material, and they all work simultaneously," Kanatzidis said. "We are the first to scatter all three at once and at the widest spectrum known. We call this a panoscopic approach that goes beyond nanostructuring."

"It's a very elegant design," Dravid said.

In particular, the researchers improved the long-wavelength scattering of phonons by controlling and tailoring the mesoscale architecture of the nanostructured thermoelectric materials. This resulted in the world record of a ZT of 2.2.

The successful approach of integrated all-length-scale scattering of phonons is applicable to all bulk thermoelectric materials, the researchers said.

###

The paper is titled "High-Performance Bulk Thermoelectrics With Hierarchical Architecture." In addition to those already mentioned, other authors are postdoctoral fellows Ivan D. Blum of Northwestern and Chun-I Wu of Michigan State University.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-09/nu-wrh091712.php

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Wednesday, September 19, 2012

'Avengers': How Marvel's Big Dream Came True

'You can never honestly expect this kind of success and be any kind of reasonable human being,' Marvel Studios co-president Kevin Feige tells MTV News about the success of 'Avengers.'
By Josh Wigler


Robert Downey Jr. as Iron-Man in "Avengers"
Photo: Marvel/Disney

Source: http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1694114/avengers-marvel-kevin-feige.jhtml

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New screening method identifies 1,200 candidate refrigerants to combat global warming

ScienceDaily (Sep. 18, 2012) ? Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have developed a new computational method for identifying candidate refrigerant fluids with low "global warming potential" (GWP) -- the tendency to trap heat in the atmosphere for many decades -- as well as other desirable performance and safety features.

The NIST effort is the most extensive systematic search for a new class of refrigerants that meet the latest concerns about climate change. The new method was used to identify about 1,200 promising, low-GWP chemicals for further study among some 56,000 that were considered. Only about 60 of these have boiling points low enough to be suitable for common refrigeration equipment, an indication of how difficult it is to identify usable fluids.

The ongoing NIST project is a response to U.S. industry interest in a new generation of alternative refrigerants that already are required for use in the European Union.

The refrigerants now used in cars and homes are mainly hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). They were adopted a generation ago in the effort to phase out chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which deplete the stratospheric ozone layer. An example is R-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane), which replaced ozone-depleting chemicals in automobile air conditioners and home refrigerators. R-134a now is being phased out in Europe because HFCs remain in the atmosphere for many years, yielding a high GWP. A compound's GWP is defined as the warming potential of one kilogram of the gas relative to one kilogram of carbon dioxide. R-134a has a GWP of 1,430, much higher than the GWP of 150 or less now mandated for automotive use in Europe.

Promising low-GWP chemicals include fluorinated olefins, which react rapidly with atmospheric compounds and thus will not persist for long periods.

"What industry is trying to do is be prepared, because moving from a GWP in the thousands or tens of thousands to a GWP of 150 is an enormous challenge, both economically and technologically," says NIST chemist Michael Frenkel. "We decided to leverage the tools NIST has been developing for the last 15 years to look into the whole slew of available chemicals."

The affected industry is huge: The U.S. air conditioning, heating and refrigeration equipment manufacturing industry ships about $30 billion in goods annually, according to the U.S. Bureau of the Census.

NIST has extensive experience evaluating alternative refrigerants, having previously helped the refrigeration industry find replacements for CFCs.

The new NIST method estimates GWP by combining calculations of a compound's radiative efficiency (a measure of how well it absorbs infrared radiation) and atmospheric lifetime, both derived from molecular structure. Additional filtering is based on low toxicity and flammability, adequate stability, and critical temperature (where the compound's liquid and gas properties converge) in a desirable range. The method was applied to 56,203 compounds and identified 1,234 candidates for further study. The method, which was validated against available literature data, is accurate and fast enough for virtual screening applications. The approach is similar to the large-scale virtual screening and computational design methods for discovering new pharmaceuticals.

The screening is the initial stage of a larger study funded by the U.S. Department of Energy. The next step will be to further narrow down the candidates to a couple dozen suitable for detailed investigation in refrigeration cycle modeling.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Andrei Kazakov, Mark O. McLinden, Michael Frenkel. Computational Design of New Refrigerant Fluids Based on Environmental, Safety, and Thermodynamic Characteristics. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2012; : 120917100332001 DOI: 10.1021/ie3016126

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/LVCsh8Dw-ZE/120919103614.htm

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Best Local Music Blog - Arts and Entertainment - Baltimore City Paper

bmoresveryown.blogspot.com

There?s an unfortunate tendency among quality Baltimore hip-hop web sites and publications to simply take an existing brand and stamp the city?s name on it; AllHipHop begat AllBmoreHipHop, Vibe begat Bmore Vibe, and Drake?s blog, October?s Very Own, inspired the name of Darryl Clark?s infinitely more worthwhile local rap blog, Baltimore?s Very Own. (Admit it, you?re glad we?re not called The Baltimore Village Voice.) Name aside, Very Own owns it, trawling through the increasingly unmanageable flood of local mixtapes and YouTube videos and presenting frequent updates that are worth hearing more often than not. Darryl Clark?who once made a go of it as a rapper himself (check Ogun?s 2005 album Real on Purpose for his verse under the name Peat Marwick)?writes about Baltimore hip-hop both as a knowledgeable insider and as an enthusiastic fan, and the scene can always use more of both.

Source: http://citypaper.com/bob/artsentertainment/best-local-music-blog-1.1375066?localLinksEnabled=false

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Even Small Businesses Can Afford Job-Stealing Assembly Bots Now

Even Small Businesses Can Afford Job-Stealing Assembly Bots Now It's assumed that one day factory line robots will eventually take over all aspects of manufacturing, freeing humans from the monotony of repetitive tasks. But integrating a robot into an assembly line is incredibly expensive and complicated?and Rethink Robotics hopes to eliminate those roadblocks with Baxter.

At $22,000 Baxter is still priced like a small car, but when you consider that your typical factory line automaton can run well north of $100,000, it means that many small businesses now have the opportunity to automate part of their process. And let's not forget that Baxter actually comes with two usable arms?not just one?that are both articulated with compliant joints so it's safe for use alongside humans.

But price and safety aren't the most revolutionary aspects of Baxter. In a typical factory environment programming a robot arm to perform a specific task requires a team of software developers and engineers, which adds considerably to its bottom line. But Baxter can be trained to perform a task by simply manually moving its arms through the required motions. As a result it might not be precise enough for extremely accurate tasks like soldering circuit boards, but at the same time it means that literally anyone can teach the robot to perform a specific task.

That feature alone has the potential to revolutionize what a small business could be capable of. And while Baxter has only just been revealed, it will actually start shipping in just a few weeks. So it's not just some pie-in-the-sky concept that may never see the light of day.

Even Small Businesses Can Afford Job-Stealing Assembly Bots Now

[Rethink Robotics via IEEE Spectrum]

Source: http://gizmodo.com/5944148/even-small-businesses-can-afford-job+stealing-assembly-bots-now

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Reports: Pakistan tests nuclear-capable missile

By NBC News wire services

Pakistan test-fired a cruise missile capable of carrying a nuclear warhead, reports said Monday.

The Hatf-VII or Babur missile, which has a range of 435 miles, was test-fired from a specially equipped vehicle in an undisclosed location Monday, The Associated Press reported.


The statement said the missile had stealth features and could fly close to the ground.

The test was witnessed by Director General Strategic Plans Division Lt. Gen. Khalid Ahmed Kidwai, Chairman Muhammad Irfan Burney of the National Engineering and Scientific Commission and senior military officers, according to the Pakistan?s Nation newspaper.

Pakistan and its nuclear-armed rival neighboring India routinely test different versions of their missiles. The two countries have fought three wars since they gained independence from Britain in 1947.

The Associated Press contributed to this report.?

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Source: http://worldnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2012/09/17/13913915-reports-pakistan-test-fires-nuclear-capable-missile?lite

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Beautiful Baby Clara and Big Bro Calvin {Marina Del Rey Baby ...

Beautiful Baby Clara and Big Bro Calvin {Marina Del Rey Baby Photographer}

How lovely it was to meet Clara and to see her brother Calvin again ? he was just a precious little newborn like Clara is now the last time I saw him! Way to make a girl feel old!!! I adore this family, they are the sweetest people and so precious together ? even getting their dog into the photos welcoming little Clara. Clara is so gorgeous, can you believe that skin?! Thank you for another lovely shoot ? looking forward to sharing the rest.










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Amazon's Kindle Fire HD tablet found to contain tablet parts

iFixit Kindle Fire HD

The good people over at iFixit have done what they do best to the new 7-inch Kindle Fire HD, they took it apart. Their first observation was that the guts of the HD version differ pretty greatly from the original Kindle Fire.

Their teardown has confirmed the TI OMAP processor that Amazon touted and 1GB RAM. They also found the battery to be removable, if you happen to have a screwdriver. The good news is that they gave the device a reparability score of 7/10. While the battery is fairly easy to access, the CPU is rather difficult.

If you'd like to see Amazon's latest tablet in various states of undress, you can hit up the source link for more pictures.

Source: iFixit



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